The plumber will check the burner or elements, controls, venting, and the relief valve, then tell you whether a repair makes sense or the tank is done. On older Cohasset homes, they'll also look at whether the existing vent, gas line, or circuit can carry a new unit, since replacements are often a different size or type than the original.
Replacing a water heater usually needs a permit. Cohasset's Building & Inspections office handles plumbing and gas inspections, and its page archived in February 2026 said permits are filed online and inspections are booked by contacting the department. Your plumber should file it and be there for the inspection.
If your basement is near the harbor or cove, where the town has mapped coastal flooding pathways, ask whether the new heater should sit on a raised platform so storm water can't reach the burner or controls.